CREATE TABLE Pivot
( Year SMALLINT,
Quarter TINYINT,
Amount DECIMAL(2,1) )
GO
INSERT INTO Pivot VALUES (1990, 1, 1.1)
INSERT INTO Pivot VALUES (1990, 2, 1.2)
INSERT INTO Pivot VALUES (1990, 3, 1.3)
INSERT INTO Pivot VALUES (1990, 4, 1.4)
INSERT INTO Pivot VALUES (1991, 1, 2.1)
INSERT INTO Pivot VALUES (1991, 2, 2.2)
INSERT INTO Pivot VALUES (1991, 3, 2.3)
INSERT INTO Pivot VALUES (1991, 4, 2.4)
GO
下面是用于创建旋转结果的 SELECT 语句:
SELECT Year,
SUM(CASE Quarter WHEN 1 THEN Amount ELSE 0 END) AS Q1,
SUM(CASE Quarter WHEN 2 THEN Amount ELSE 0 END) AS Q2,
SUM(CASE Quarter WHEN 3 THEN Amount ELSE 0 END) AS Q3,
SUM(CASE Quarter WHEN 4 THEN Amount ELSE 0 END) AS Q4
FROM Northwind.dbo.Pivot
GROUP BY Year
GO
该 SELECT 语句还处理其中每个季度占多行的表。GROUP BY 语句将 Pivot 中一年的所有行合并成一行输出。当执行分组操作时,SUM 聚合中的 CASE 函数的应用方式是这样的:将每季度的 Amount 值添加到结果集的适当列中,在其它季度的结果集列中添加 0。
SELECT P1.*, (P1.Q1 + P1.Q2 + P1.Q3 + P1.Q4) AS YearTotal
FROM (SELECT Year,
SUM(CASE P.Quarter WHEN 1 THEN P.Amount ELSE 0 END) AS Q1,
SUM(CASE P.Quarter WHEN 2 THEN P.Amount ELSE 0 END) AS Q2,
SUM(CASE P.Quarter WHEN 3 THEN P.Amount ELSE 0 END) AS Q3,
SUM(CASE P.Quarter WHEN 4 THEN P.Amount ELSE 0 END) AS Q4
FROM Pivot AS P
GROUP BY P.Year) AS P1
GO